2015 E.C. History EUEE past paper

Q1 · Oromo population movement

1. A. The desire to expand Oromo religion
2. B. The desire to find new pastures for cattle
3. C. The need to expand the tax base of the Oromo
4. D. The demand to establish political control over new areas

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Q2 · Serse Dingil / Mereb

1. A. Turkish expansionism
2. B. Disobedience from the na'ibs of Arkiko
3. C. Mutiny among royal regiments in the province
4. D. Rebellion by local people

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Q3 · Iyasu I the Great

1. A. The successful campaign against the Funj Sultanate in the west
2. B. Revision of works related to the legal code and taxation
3. C. Introduction of new forms of architecture in the city of Gondar
4. D. Restoration of Gondernine rule over south-western Ethiopia

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Q4 · Ching dynasty China

1. A. The continuation of Chinese administrative practices by the Ching
2. B. The successful rejection of the "Unequal Treaties" by the Ching
3. C. The reduction of the tax on the Chinese peasantry
4. D. The opening of China for foreign trade and civilization by the Ching

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Q5 · Charles I / Short Parliament

1. A. Disagreement on the authority of the king to sign treaties without consulting Parliament
2. B. Dispute as to whether or not Presbyterians can be head of the English Church
3. C. Disagreement on the nature of union between England and Scotland
4. D. Dispute over raising taxes to suppress the rebellion in Scotland

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Q6 · Enlightenment

1. A. Man can attain salvation only through good work
2. B. Humans can achieve progress through the application of reason
3. C. Democracy is the best form of government
4. D. Religion is important for social cohesion

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Q7 · Latin American revolutions

1. A. Implementation of the Monroe Doctrine by the US
2. B. Re-division of Latin America between the Spanish and Portuguese
3. C. Decline of French rule in the Atlantic colonies
4. D. Ideas generated by the Enlightenment thinkers

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Q8 · 1848 revolutions

1. A. They were inspired by the idea of establishing a liberal government
2. B. They were primarily led by a coalition of youth groups and bourgeoisie
3. C. They drew inspiration from the successful revolutions in America
4. D. They ultimately failed because of divisions among the leadership on future goals

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Q9 · Funj Sultanate

1. A. The Abdallabi
2. B. Iyasu II
3. C. Amara Dunqas
4. D. Mohammed Ali

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Q10 · Mamluk Egypt

1. A. The successful participation of Egypt in the Crusades
2. B. The decline of Ottoman control over the Mediterranean
3. C. Egypt's participation in the trans-Saharan trade
4. D. The construction of a canal across the Red Sea

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Q11 · 14th century India invasion

1. A. The Han
2. B. The Arabs
3. C. The Mongols
4. D. The Huns

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Q12 · Cushitic languages

1. A. Gedeo
2. B. Burji
3. C. Beja
4. D. Bilen

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Q13 · Land of Punt

1. A. The Eastern coast of the Red Sea
2. B. In Northeast Africa
3. C. On the Swahili Coast
4. D. Along the Ethio-Sudan borderlands

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Q14 · Zagwe Dynasty

1. A. The popularity that the Agaw gained because of the rock hewn churches
2. B. The increased interaction of the Agaw elite with the Aksumite court
3. C. The spread of Christianity among the Agaw populations
4. D. The shift of the major trade routes from Massawa to Zeila

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Q15 · Renaissance Humanism

1. A. Desire to recreate the Roman Empire
2. B. Study of classical Islamic literature
3. C. Focus on how to achieve salvation
4. D. Interest in everyday human conditions

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Q16 · Solomonic succession

1. A. By inventing a system of a caretaker administration that ruled for a few years until final selection of a king is made
2. B. By designing a system in which the decisions of the Church leaders on succession became final
3. C. By developing a prison system for male royal prison system in which male descendants of a monarch were kept
4. D. By establishing a clear rule of succession

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Q17 · Muslim sultanates

1. A. Their economy was mainly dependent on trade
2. B. Their rulers exercised limited power and authority
3. C. Their populations were made up of Muslims and Christians
4. D. Their ruling class were immigrants from Arabia

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Q18 · Kingdom of Kafa

1. A. It was ruled by a king who had limited power
2. B. It was created by invaders from neighbouring Enarya
3. C. It had a dynasty that came from the Manjo clan
4. D. It had developed an efficient system of defending its territory

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Q19 · Christian kingdom expansion

1. A. Determination to restore the lost territories of the Aksumites
2. B. Ambition to acquire slaves for export to Arabia
3. C. Desire to expand its resource base
4. D. The need to expand Christianity

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Q20 · Christian-Adal conflict

1. A. The shift of the Christian political center to Shewa
2. B. The introduction of new weapons like muskets
3. C. The establishment of the Turks along the Red Sea coast
4. D. The pressure created by the migration of lowland pastoralists

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Q21 · Gada decline Gibe

1. A. Political influence of Sudanese states of the Ethio-Sudan border
2. B. The shift of the economy from pastoralism to agriculture
3. C. Warfare and the rise of powerful war leaders
4. D. The conquest of the region by the forces of Menelik

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Q23 · Garibaldi Italy

1. A. He brought together the Pope and Cavour to work for unification
2. B. He inspired and led a popular uprising for Italian unification
3. C. He secured Napoleon III's diplomatic support for Italian unification
4. D. He deepened Italian national consciousness through his writings

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Q24 · Congress of Vienna / Germany

1. A. It made Prussia the leading German state of the confederation
2. B. It brought the different German states under one customs union
3. C. It made German an official language for the confederation
4. D. It created a German confederation led by Austria

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Q25 · American Civil War consequence

1. A. Industrialization of American economy
2. B. Colonization of the south by the north
3. C. Toleration of slavery in some parts of the south
4. D. End of racism across the whole of the United States

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Q26 · Eastern Question

1. A. The discovery of oil in territories ruled by the Ottoman Empire
2. B. The rivalry between the Ottomans and Russians for control of the Mediterranean
3. C. The spread of nationalism among the Slavic peoples of the Ottoman Empire
4. D. The expansion of the Austrian Empire to lands that were previously under the control of the Ottomans

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Q27 · Tewodros II rise

1. A. By defeating his opponents through military means
2. B. By gaining the support of the Orthodox Church
3. C. By claiming he was the Tewodros of The Fikaré Iyesus
4. D. By using British diplomatic support

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Q29 · Menelik southern expansion

1. A. Overwhelming force across the whole region
2. B. Force for state societies but negotiation among non-state peoples
3. C. A combination of diplomacy and force across the whole region
4. D. Peaceful methods among Christians but force in non-Christian areas

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Q30 · Wuchale Treaty Art 17

1. A. Because the Italian version stated that Ethiopia has agreed to become an Italian protectorate
2. B. Because the Amharic and Italian versions did not agree on the boundaries of the two states
3. C. Because the Italian version suggested that Menelik had agreed to give Mereb Melash to Italy
4. D. Because the Amharic and Italian versions did not agree how long Italy should stay at Massawa

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Q31 · Southern states / Damot

1. A. Damot
2. B. Bizamo
3. C. Hadiya
4. D. Enarea

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Q32 · European Dark Ages

1. A. The movement of large number of people from the countryside to the cities
2. B. The decline of Christianity and rise of traditional religious beliefs
3. C. The rise in the power of local rulers at the expense of kings and emperors
4. D. The shift of regional political power from Italy northwards to Scandinavia

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Q33 · Early capitalism

1. A. The withdrawal of the special privileges granted to cities by rulers
2. B. The growth of conflict between states and merchants over control of markets
3. C. The shift of the economy from trading to banking and manufacturing
4. D. The rise in importance of the bourgeoisie in economic and cultural life

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Q34 · Christian-Muslim conflict cause

1. A. The desire of the ruling classes to collect war booty
2. B. The determination by both parties to spread their religions
3. C. The desire to control the lucrative Zeila trade route
4. D. The need to control the salt producing regions of Afar

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Q35 · Oromo movement consequence NOT

1. A. The adoption of aspects of the gada system by the Christian state
2. B. The shift of some Oromo people to sedentary agriculture
3. C. The assimilation of large number of groups by the Oromo
4. D. The loss of territory by the Christian highland kingdom

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Q36 · Jesuits / Susenyos

1. A. they failed to bring in the military support they had promised to Susenyos
2. B. their attempt led to widespread opposition by the population
3. C. they sought to secure the support of the nobility for their cause
4. D. they disagreed with Susenyos over the abolition of the tabot (Ark)

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Q37 · Southern African peoples

1. A. The Khoi
2. B. The Hausa
3. C. The Swahili
4. D. The San

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Q39 · Industrial capitalism

1. A. The emergence of big share companies that traded all over the world
2. B. The transformation of communication through advances in air and railway transportation
3. C. The replacement of human and animal labor by new inanimate sources of power
4. D. The shift of production from the factory to household workshops

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Q41 · Menelik II modernization

1. A. It failed mainly for lack of finance
2. B. It was not supported by large sections of the population
3. C. It was advanced by the Cabinet established in 1907
4. D. It was limited to the building of schools by foreign missionaries

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Q42 · Bismarck alliances

1. A. It helped Germany expand its influence in Europe as well as Asia
2. B. It encouraged resort to diplomacy rather than war
3. C. It established a balance of forces in Europe, thus averting war
4. D. It led to the establishment of two hostile military camps in Europe

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Q43 · WWI consequence

1. A. The establishment of British and French dominance in the Middle East
2. B. The partition of Poland among the victorious powers
3. C. The strengthening of the Austrian and Czarist empires
4. D. The complete break-up of the German army and navy

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Q44 · Russian Revolution 1917 workers

1. A. Conscription of workers had been introduced
2. B. Living conditions of workers had worsened
3. C. Many conscript workers had lost their lives
4. D. the Czar had imposed a war tax on workers

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Q45 · Italy undermining Ethiopian unity

1. A. Preventing Ethiopia from producing arms locally
2. B. Signing a treaty of peace and friendship with Ethiopia
3. C. Bribing Ethiopian officials to weaken the imperial government
4. D. Supporting Ethiopia's application to the League of Nations

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Q46 · Fascist rule urban

1. A. the small Italian army could only control the towns
2. B. the countryside was a base for the resistance
3. C. urban services were concentrated in the towns
4. D. Italian soldiers hated service in the countryside

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Q47 · WWII fundamental cause

1. A. The spread of racism in Germany and Italy
2. B. The arms race between the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente
3. C. The feeling of victimhood felt by Germans about the Versailles Treaty
4. D. The policy of appeasement pursued by Britain and France

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Q48 · WWII immediate cause

1. A. The invasion of Manchuria by the Japanese
2. B. The attack on Pearl Harbour by the Japanese
3. C. The signing of the Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact
4. D. The invasion of Poland by the German army

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Q49 · Tehran Conference / UN

1. A. The Charter of the UN was signed by member states there
2. B. The details of the UN structure were worked out there
3. C. The idea of forming the UN received support from the great powers there
4. D. The idea of creating the UN was first discussed there

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Q50 · Warsaw Pact

1. A. Hungary
2. B. Turkey
3. C. Greece
4. D. Norway

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Q51 · Historical method / sources

1. A. By carrying out a critical evaluation of the source he/she uses
2. B. By making sure that the source comes from a national archive
3. C. By checking it out against books written on a related subject
4. D. By making sure that the source has been used by other historians

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Q52 · Ethiopian historiography limitation

1. A. Focus on the pre-modern period rather than the modern period
2. B. Heavy dependence on oral sources rather than documents
3. C. Heavy emphasis on political history than other kinds of history
4. D. Focus on the history of the masses than elite members of society

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Q54 · Neolithic Ethiopia

1. A. It had led to the development of language and ethnicity
2. B. Its history has been reconstructed with artefacts from sites such as Gobedra and Lake Beseka
3. C. It largely affected the northern parts of the region
4. D. It started with the diffusion of different food crops from South Arabia

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Q55 · Oriental Despotism

1. A. That states emerged from the necessity of control over trade routes
2. B. That states came into being as a result of war among despotic tribal leaders
3. C. That states emerged out of the necessity of organizing irrigation works
4. D. That early states were first emerged in the Orient

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Q56 · Egypt New Kingdom

1. A. The unification of upper and lower Egypt
2. B. The development of ideas about the afterlife
3. C. The invention of the "nomes" as units of administration
4. D. The expansion of the empire to parts of Asia and Africa

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Q57 · Sumerian civilization

1. A. The invention a monotheistic religion
2. B. The development of astronomy and mathematics
3. C. The development of alphabetic writing
4. D. The construction of great monuments for kings and gods

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Q58 · Athenian democracy

1. A. The dominance of the city by tyrants
2. B. The prominence of the Senate in governing the city
3. C. The passage of laws through direct participation of citizens
4. D. The prominence of women in the making of laws

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Q59 · Catholic Church Middle Ages

1. A. As a home for the development of democratic ideas
2. B. As a supporter of capitalistic enterprises
3. C. As a protector of the rights of peasants and serfs
4. D. As a center of culture and learning

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Q61 · Italian unification factor

1. A. The adoption of a policy of neutrality by Cavour in the Crimean War
2. B. The weakening of the power of the Pope in Europe
3. C. The spread of Italian nationalism in the Peninsula
4. D. The support of France and Austria to the Italian cause

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Q62 · British vs French colonial admin

1. A. The British used private companies in administering their colonies while the French did not use such companies
2. B. The British sought to make Africans full citizens while the French denied citizenship to Africans
3. C. The British used excessive force in their colonies while the French rarely resorted to violence
4. D. The British ruled indirectly through local chiefs while the French ruled directly themselves

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Q63 · Trade & Gibe states

1. A. By introducing the idea of kingship from the Christian kingdom
2. B. By bringing messages of encouragement from elsewhere rulers
3. C. Through the introduction of modern firearms that helped rulers defeat rivals
4. D. By introducing new ideas and practices that legitimized the power of rulers

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Q64 · Tewodros vs Yohannes admin

1. A. Tewodros sought to use the Church in his administration while Yohannes did not
2. B. Tewodros centralized power in his hands while Yohannes did not
3. C. Tewodros employed Europeans in his administration while Yohannes did not
4. D. Tewdros sought to use modern techniques of administration while Yohannes did not

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Q65 · Ejecting Italians Mekelle 1896

1. A. Misleading them through false movements of troops
2. B. Spreading propaganda against their Eritrean askaris
3. C. Cutting rebellion against them in Eritrea
4. D. Denying them access to sources of water

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Q66 · Shewan nobility vs Lij Iyasu

1. A. he threatened the Orthodox Church by converting to Islam
2. B. he threatened their political position in the Empire
3. C. he worked to reorganize Ethiopia's foreign policy
4. D. he sought to introduce a modern system of administration

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Q68 · Diarchy

1. A. Rivalry between conservative and progressive groups in the ruling class
2. B. Less rivalry among the nobility compared to the preceding period
3. C. Rapid penetration of European institutions of government
4. D. Consolidation of power by the Empress at the expense of the Regent

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Q69 · 1931 Constitution autocracy

1. A. stated that the Emperor should be the direct of descendant of King Solomon
2. B. granted the Emperor the right to sign treaties with foreign powers
3. C. gave the Emperor the right to disband parliament at his own will
4. D. stated the parliament should have lower and upper chambers

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Q71 · Indian National Congress

1. A. Working with the Japanese to undermine the British
2. B. Forming a united front with the Muslim League
3. C. Armed struggle and civil disobedience methods
4. D. Non-violence struggle methods

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Q72 · First Arab-Israeli War

1. A. The conquest of the whole of Jerusalem by Israel
2. B. The formation of the PLO as leader of the Palestinians
3. C. The emergence of a Palestinian Arab refugee problem
4. D. The recognition of Israel as an independent state

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Q73 · US intervention Vietnam

1. A. Promise given to France that it its defeat by the Vietnamese forces would be avenged
2. B. Dislike for the idea of partition of Vietnam between the north and south
3. C. To test the extent to which Russia was determined to maintain its dominance in Asia
4. D. Fear that Vietnamese victory would lead to the spread of communism across the region

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Q74 · British help Haile Selassie post-1941

1. A. By keeping the Italian's out of all Somali-inhabited areas
2. B. By training and equipping his army
3. C. By keeping control over Ethiopia's foreign relations
4. D. By restoring his government in troublesome provinces like the Ogaden

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Q75 · 1955 Constitution elective

1. A. The Crown Council
2. B. The Office of the Prime Minister
3. C. The Senate
4. D. The Chamber of Deputies

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Q76 · 1960 coup failure

1. A. the neighbouring colonial powers opposed it
2. B. it was not planned and led effectively
3. C. the people of Addis Ababa did not support it
4. D. it was led by a civilian with no military experience

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Q77 · 1974 Revolution consequence

1. A. Abolition of status and class
2. B. Transformation of peasant agriculture
3. C. Centralization of power under a new regime
4. D. Democratization of state and politics

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Q78 · Garvey pan-Africanism

1. A. That blacks in the diaspora can achieve full independence only by returning to Africa
2. B. That the Pan-African movement should be led by Africans in the Continent
3. C. That 'pan-Africanism' should ensure economic independence for Africans
4. D. That blacks should fight for their rights in their respective countries

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Q79 · Mau Mau strategy

1. A. Putting diplomatic pressure on the British at the UN
2. B. Organizing an armed struggle against the British
3. C. Adopting the principle of non-violent struggle used in India
4. D. Frighten out the British by undertaking scary oaths

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Q80 · Accra Conference / OAU principle

1. A. all African states should work towards democratizing the state
2. B. African states should stand with oppressed nations globally
3. C. the immediate goal of Africans should be economic union
4. D. states should respect each other's territorial integrity

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Q81 · Prehistory definition

1. A. The method palaeontologists' use in dating fossils
2. B. The method archaeologists use to dig out material objects
3. C. The study of the period before the beginning of writing
4. D. The study of non-literate societies

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Q82 · Theory of evolution

1. A. Claims that human beings first originated in Europe
2. B. States that humans are products of natural selection and adaptation
3. C. Argues that humans were first civilized in ancient Greece and Rome
4. D. Argues that human beings are descendants of Adam and Eve

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Q83 · Mesolithic age

1. A. It is the longest of the three stone ages in human prehistory
2. B. It witnessed the shift from hunting and gathering to agriculture
3. C. It was a period that preceded the Neolithic age
4. D. Its defining feature was the invention of the technology of fire

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Q84 · Theocratic theory of state

1. A. That states emerged first in The Middle East
2. B. That states were created by religious experts
3. C. states were formed along river valleys
4. D. It emerged with the emergence of private property

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Q86 · Ancient Persia administration

1. A. The construction of a defensive wall along the borders of the Empire
2. B. Effective use of examinations to recruit administrators
3. C. The introduction of an effective postal relay system
4. D. The development of a religion called Zoroastrianism

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Q88 · Muslim Arab civilization

1. A. The opening up of new trade routes to Africa and Asia
2. B. The preservation of ancient Greek texts through translation
3. C. The development of paper money for international trade
4. D. The introduction of new technologies of warfare to Europe

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Q89 · Zagwe-Aksum continuity

1. A. The use of Greek as a commercial language
2. B. The attempt by the state to expand its territory to the eastern lowlands
3. C. The important role Christianity enjoyed as official religion of the state
4. D. The continued importance of Debre Masawa and Zeyla for international trade

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Q90 · Mobile capitals

1. A. there was scarcity of lime (nora) which was important for building permanent buildings
2. B. the mobile camps enabled rulers to control their empire more effectively than the permanent capitals
3. C. the warrior kings of the time disliked the luxury life associated with permanent towns
4. D. the tradition of building towns had disappeared with the Aksumites

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Q91 · WWI cause

1. A. Rise of Intense nationalism among European countries
2. B. Contest over who should control the oil fields of the Middle East
3. C. Disagreement among European powers on the partition of Africa
4. D. Rivalry over spheres of influence in Southeast Asia

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Q92 · 1917 Russian Revolution cause

1. A. The imposition of a harsh treaty by Germany over Russia
2. B. The dismissal of the Duma by Czar Nicholas II
3. C. The military losses that Russia suffered in WWI
4. D. The assassination of Rasputin by the socialists

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Q93 · Italian occupation Ethiopia

1. A. The expansion of road infrastructure
2. B. The creation of an educated class
3. C. The growth of heavy industries
4. D. The introduction of decentralized administration

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Q94 · WWII effect on Ethiopia

1. A. It led the British to focus on Europe and hence delayed Ethiopia's liberation
2. B. It led to the reduction of Italian troops in Ethiopia and hence encouraged the growth of the resistance movement
3. C. It forced the Ethiopian resistance movement to change its tactics from guerrilla warfare to conventional warfare
4. D. It gained Ethiopia the support of the British government and hence facilitated its liberation

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Q95 · UNO purpose

1. A. To provide a way out of Cold War politics
2. B. To facilitate the process of decolonization
3. C. To resolve international conflicts peacefully
4. D. To fight against global climate change

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Q96 · Algeria & Kenya movements

1. A. Both initially opposed complete independence but accepted it later
2. B. Both tried peaceful methods but resorted to armed resistance when that failed
3. C. Both were led by leaders who supported the Indian tactic of peaceful resistance
4. D. Both were urban based movements that sought to advance the interests of the middle classes

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Q97 · OAU 1963 reason

1. A. Because the United States had encouraged them to do so
2. B. Because they desired to spread democracy across the Continent
3. C. Because they wanted to establish an association independent of the Super Powers
4. D. Because they wanted to advance the struggle against colonialism

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Q99 · 1973-74 famine consequence

1. A. The inability of the government to repulse the Somali invasion
2. B. The withdrawal of US support from the government
3. C. The adoption of a radical land reform program
4. D. The loss of legitimacy for the regime

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Q100 · Derg unpopularity

1. A. Formation of an alliance with Socialist Cuba
2. B. The passage of the land reform proclamation
3. C. Using violence against opposition groups
4. D. Organizing the Idget Behireti campaign

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